For a minor wound, control any bleeding, clean gently with saline, assess the depth and location, and dress if needed. Call the vet for deep wounds, heavy bleeding, or any wound near a joint or tendon.
Stay calm and assess
First, keep the horse calm and take a good look. Note the size, depth and location, and how much it is bleeding. A small, shallow graze is very different from a deep puncture or a wound over a joint, which needs the vet.
Control bleeding
Apply firm, steady pressure with a clean dressing to control bleeding. Most minor wounds stop quickly. Heavy or spurting bleeding, or blood that soaks through repeatedly, is an emergency, so keep pressure on and call your vet.
Clean gently
Clean a minor wound with sterile saline to flush out dirt, rather than harsh products that damage tissue. Trim surrounding hair if it helps, and pat the area clean. A stocked first aid kit with saline and dressings makes this straightforward.
Dress if needed
Some minor wounds heal best left open and clean, while others benefit from a light dressing to keep them clean, especially on the lower leg. Keep the area clean, watch for swelling or discharge, and monitor healing over the following days.
When to call the vet
Call your vet for deep or gaping wounds, heavy bleeding, any wound near a joint, tendon or the eye, punctures, or if the horse is very lame or the wound looks infected. Also check the horse’s tetanus cover, which every wound makes relevant.
