Check the skin pinch on the neck, the gums for moisture and colour, and capillary refill. Slow skin recoil, tacky gums, reduced droppings and dullness all point to dehydration. Offer water and electrolytes and call the vet if severe.
The skin pinch test
Pinch a fold of skin on the point of the shoulder or neck and release it. In a hydrated horse it flattens instantly. If it stays tented for a second or more, the horse is likely dehydrated. Learn the normal on your horse so you can judge changes.
Check gums and eyes
Healthy gums are moist and salmon pink, and pressing them briefly should see the colour return within about two seconds. Tacky, dry or dark gums, slow refill, and sunken-looking eyes are warning signs of fluid loss.
Watch behaviour and droppings
A dehydrated horse may be dull, off its feed, and pass fewer, drier droppings, which raises the risk of impaction colic. Reduced drinking, especially in cold weather when water is icy, is a common trigger.
Rehydrate safely
Offer clean, appealing water, and for a working or sweating horse provide electrolytes to replace lost salts, always alongside water. A salt lick encourages regular drinking. Do not force large amounts at once; let the horse drink steadily.
When it is an emergency
Severe dehydration, a horse that will not drink, or signs of colic need veterinary care without delay. Prevention, through constant clean water, salt, and electrolytes during hard work or travel, is far easier than treatment.
