A litter box has to satisfy two parties: the cat that must feel comfortable using it and the owner who has to keep it clean. We compared open, high-sided, and sifting litter boxes on how well they contain scatter, how easy they are to scoop and clean, and whether their size suits cats of different builds. In our evaluation we found that cats generally prefer roomy, open boxes, while owners value high walls and easy cleaning. We weighted box size, scatter control, and ease of maintenance most heavily, since hygiene directly affects whether a cat keeps using the box. We recommend choosing a box at least one and a half times your cat’s length, and following the common guideline of one box per cat plus one extra. Keeping the box clean is the single biggest factor in preventing litter box avoidance.

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