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Maltese Dog Breed Guide

๐Ÿ“ Origin: Malta (Mediterranean region)

The Maltese is an ancient toy breed known for its striking long white coat and lively, affectionate personality. Despite its small stature, this breed is bold and confident, making it an excellent companion for a wide variety of households. The Maltese thrives on human interaction and forms deep bonds with its owners.

๐Ÿ—“ Last updated: June 2026 ยท ๐Ÿฉบ Veterinary reviewed
Maltese dog breed
Photo via Wikimedia Commons
๐Ÿ“‹ Quick Summary
BreedMaltese
SizeToy (4โ€“7 lbs)
Height7โ€“9 inches
Lifespan12โ€“15 years
TemperamentAffectionate, Gentle, Playful
Energy LevelModerateโ—โ—โ—โ—‹โ—‹
Good With Kidsโœ… Yes
GroomingVery High
TrainingGood
SheddingMinimal
Best ForBeginners & Families
Energy
3/5
Trainability
3/5
Grooming
5/5
Shedding
1/5
โœ“ Kids โœ“ Other Pets โœ“ Apartments

๐Ÿ• Maltese Overview

The Maltese is a pure companion breed with no working or herding history, bred exclusively for the purpose of providing affection and companionship. It is well suited to apartment living, older owners, and first-time dog owners due to its manageable size and adaptable temperament. While gentle with children, its small frame means interactions with very young children should always be supervised. The breed is alert and can serve as an effective watchdog despite its toy classification.

๐Ÿ“œ History & Origin

The Maltese is one of the oldest known dog breeds, with documented history stretching back at least 2,000 years to ancient Greece, Rome, and Egypt. The breed takes its name from the island of Malta, though historians debate whether Malta was truly its birthplace or simply a key trading hub through which the breed spread. Maltese dogs were prized by aristocrats and nobility throughout European history, often appearing in Renaissance paintings and royal courts. The AKC officially recognized the Maltese in 1888, and it has remained one of the most popular toy breeds in the world.

๐Ÿ‘€ Size & Appearance

๐Ÿถ Male

  • Weight: 4โ€“7 lbs (2โ€“3 kg)
  • Height: 7โ€“9 inches (18โ€“23 cm)

๐Ÿ• Female

  • Weight: 4โ€“7 lbs
  • Height: 7โ€“9 inches

Coat type: Long, silky, single-layer white coat with no undercoat

Colors: WhiteWhite and LemonWhite and Tan

๐Ÿง  Temperament & Behaviour

AffectionateGentlePlayfulAlertFearless
โœ…

With Children

Malteses are generally excellent with children. Their patient, gentle nature makes them reliable family companions. Always supervise interactions with very young children.

โœ…

With Other Dogs & Pets

Generally sociable with other dogs and pets when properly socialised from puppyhood. Early introductions are recommended.

๐Ÿƒ Exercise Needs

30 mins/day

Malteses have moderate exercise requirements โ€” around 30 minutes of daily activity is sufficient. Two daily walks plus some playtime keeps most individuals happy and healthy.

โœ… Apartment living: Possible with adequate daily exercise commitment.

๐Ÿ— Food & Diet Guide

๐Ÿถ Puppy (8 weeks โ€“ 12 months)

  • Feed a large/medium breed puppy formula
  • 3โ€“4 small meals per day up to 6 months
  • Reduce to 2โ€“3 meals from 6 months onward
  • Look for AAFCO "complete and balanced for growth" statement
  • Avoid overfeeding โ€” controlled growth prevents joint issues

๐Ÿ• Adult (Maltese)

  • Daily amount: 0.25 to 0.5 cups of high-quality dry food divided into two meals of quality dry kibble
  • Split into 2 meals per day
  • Choose AAFCO-compliant food for adult maintenance
  • Monitor weight monthly โ€” adjust portions as needed
  • โš ๏ธ High obesity risk โ€” measure portions carefully
โš ๏ธ Obesity Warning: Malteses are prone to weight gain. Overfeeding can worsen joint problems and reduce lifespan. Use a measuring cup โ€” never free-feed.

Always consult your veterinarian for a feeding plan specific to your dog's age, weight, and health status.

๐Ÿ… Training Guide

Trainability: โ—โ—โ—โ—‹โ—‹ Good
โœ…

Basic Commands

Start sit, stay, come, and leave it from day one. Positive reinforcement with treats works best. Keep sessions to 5โ€“10 minutes.

๐Ÿšฝ

Toilet Training

Take puppy outside every 2 hours and immediately after meals, play, and sleep. Reward immediately after they go outside.

๐Ÿฆฎ

Leash Training

Start with a flat collar and short sessions. Reward loose-leash walking. A front-clip harness helps dogs that pull.

๐Ÿค

Socialisation

Expose to different people, sounds, and environments between 8โ€“16 weeks. This is the critical window for confident adult behaviour.

โœ‚๏ธ Grooming

Grooming Needs: โ—โ—โ—โ—โ— Very High  |  Shedding: โ—โ—‹โ—‹โ—‹โ—‹ Minimal
๐Ÿชฎ

Brushing

Daily brushing required to prevent matting and tangles.

๐Ÿ›

Bathing

Bath every 4โ€“6 weeks or when dirty. Over-bathing strips natural coat oils.

๐Ÿ’…

Nail Trimming

Trim nails every 3โ€“4 weeks. If you hear clicking on hard floors, they are too long.

๐Ÿ‘‚

Ear Cleaning

Check ears weekly for redness, odour, or discharge. Clean gently with a vet-approved ear cleaner.

๐Ÿฉบ Health Problems

โš•๏ธ Disclaimer: Always consult your veterinarian for breed-specific health screening. This information is general guidance only and not a substitute for professional veterinary advice.
Patellar luxation

Regular veterinary screening is recommended. Discuss breed-specific testing with your vet.

Portosystemic liver shunt

Regular veterinary screening is recommended. Discuss breed-specific testing with your vet.

Progressive retinal atrophy

Regular veterinary screening is recommended. Discuss breed-specific testing with your vet.

Dental overcrowding and periodontal disease

Regular veterinary screening is recommended. Discuss breed-specific testing with your vet.

Preventive Health Tips

  • Annual vet checkups (twice yearly for dogs over 7)
  • Keep vaccinations and deworming up to date
  • Maintain a healthy weight โ€” obesity worsens most conditions
  • Ask your breeder for OFA/PennHIP health clearances on parents

โฑ Lifespan

12โ€“15 years

The average Maltese lifespan is 12โ€“15 years. Smaller breeds often live longer than larger breeds. Individual lifespan depends heavily on genetics, diet, exercise, and veterinary care.

Tips for a Longer, Healthier Life

  • Feed a balanced, high-quality diet appropriate for age and size
  • Maintain a healthy weight throughout life
  • Regular exercise matched to age and health status
  • Annual vet visits for early detection of health issues
  • Dental care โ€” dental disease affects overall health significantly

๐Ÿ’ท Puppy Price

๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ

United States

$1,500 โ€“ $3,200

Pedigree AKC-registered puppy from health-tested parents

๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡บ

Europe

โ‚ฌ1,400 โ€“ โ‚ฌ2,950

Pedigree FCI-registered puppy from health-tested parents

๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง

United Kingdom

ยฃ1,200 โ€“ ยฃ2,500

Pedigree KC-registered puppy from health-tested parents

Estimated Monthly Cost (UK)

Food~ยฃ42/mo
Vet / Insurance~ยฃ42/mo
Grooming~ยฃ18/mo
Accessories / Misc~ยฃ18/mo
Total Estimate~ยฃ120/mo

Prices vary by breeder, location, and pedigree quality. Always buy from a health-tested, reputable breeder โ€” never from puppy farms.

โš–๏ธ Pros & Cons

โœ… Pros

  • Apartment dwellers
  • Owners seeking a low-shedding companion
  • Older adults or retirees looking for a devoted lapdog
  • First-time dog owners willing to commit to regular grooming
  • Excellent with children
  • Suitable for first-time owners

โŒ Cons

  • People wanting low-maintenance pets
  • Families with very young or boisterous children
  • Owners who cannot commit to daily coat brushing and professional grooming
  • High grooming maintenance and cost
  • Prone to obesity โ€” portion control essential

๐Ÿ†š Maltese vs Other Breeds

Maltese vs Bichon Frise See Bichon Frise Guide โ†’

โœ… Maltese wins at

The Maltese typically has a longer, more flowing coat that many owners find more visually striking and elegant.

โœ… Bichon Frise wins at

The Bichon Frise tends to be slightly more robust and tolerates rougher handling from children better than the delicate Maltese.

๐Ÿ’ก Verdict: Choose the Maltese if you want a devoted lapdog with a dramatic silky coat, but opt for the Bichon Frise if you have young children or need a slightly sturdier small breed.
Maltese vs Yorkshire Terrier See Yorkshire Terrier Guide โ†’

โœ… Maltese wins at

The Maltese is generally calmer and less prone to terrier-like stubbornness, making it a more relaxed companion for quiet households.

โœ… Yorkshire Terrier wins at

The Yorkshire Terrier tends to be more adventurous and spirited, appealing to owners who want a small dog with a bold, feisty personality.

๐Ÿ’ก Verdict: Choose the Maltese for a gentler, more easygoing lapdog experience, and choose the Yorkshire Terrier if you prefer a small breed with more independent terrier energy.

๐Ÿ  Who Should Own a Maltese?

โœ… Great Choice If You Are:

  • Apartment dwellers
  • Owners seeking a low-shedding companion
  • Older adults or retirees looking for a devoted lapdog
  • First-time dog owners willing to commit to regular grooming
  • A family with children
  • A first-time dog owner

โŒ Consider Another Breed If:

  • People wanting low-maintenance pets
  • Families with very young or boisterous children
  • Owners who cannot commit to daily coat brushing and professional grooming

โ“ Frequently Asked Questions

Is Maltese good for families?

The Maltese is a loving and gentle breed that can be a wonderful family companion in the right household. It bonds closely with all family members and generally gets along with older, respectful children. However, due to its very small and fragile frame, households with toddlers or rough young children should exercise caution, as accidental injury to the dog is a genuine risk. Families with older children who understand how to interact gently with small dogs will find the Maltese to be an affectionate and rewarding pet.

How much does a Maltese puppy cost?

In the United Kingdom, a Maltese puppy from a reputable breeder typically costs between 1,200 and 2,500 GBP depending on lineage, breeder reputation, and health testing. In Pakistan, prices generally range from 80,000 to 200,000 PKR, though availability from health-tested breeders is more limited. In India, Maltese puppies are priced between approximately 60,000 and 150,000 INR depending on the city and breeder quality. Always prioritize breeders who provide health certificates, socialization records, and transparent breeding practices over lower-priced options.

Is Maltese easy to train?

The Maltese is an intelligent breed that responds well to positive reinforcement training methods such as treats and praise. However, it can display a stubborn streak at times, particularly with house training, which is a known challenge in many toy breeds. Consistency, patience, and short training sessions yield the best results with this breed. First-time owners will generally find the Maltese manageable to train, provided they maintain a firm but gentle approach from puppyhood.

What food is best for a Maltese?

A high-quality dry kibble that meets AAFCO nutritional standards and is specifically formulated for small or toy breeds is generally the most practical choice for an adult Maltese. Portion sizes are small due to the breed's size, typically 0.25 to 0.5 cups of food per day divided into two meals, though exact amounts depend on the dog's weight, age, and activity level. Overfeeding is a real concern as Maltese dogs are prone to obesity, which can worsen joint and dental health. Fresh water should always be available, and treats should make up no more than 10 percent of the daily caloric intake.

Does Maltese bark a lot?

The Maltese is naturally alert and will often bark to announce strangers, unusual sounds, or changes in its environment. This tendency makes it a surprisingly effective watchdog for its size, but it can become a nuisance if the behavior is not managed through consistent training from an early age. With proper socialization and clear boundaries, most Maltese can learn to moderate their barking.

Can a Maltese live in an apartment?

The Maltese is one of the most apartment-friendly breeds available, given its small size, moderate energy level, and relatively quiet indoor nature. It requires only about 30 minutes of exercise per day, which can be met through short walks and indoor play. Owners in apartments should be mindful of the breed's tendency to bark, as this can affect neighbors, but consistent training typically keeps this in check.

๐Ÿ† Final Verdict

The Maltese is an excellent choice for first-time dog owners and experienced owners alike. With a lifespan of 12โ€“15 years, moderate activity needs, and very high grooming requirements, the Maltese is a wonderful family dog.

If you can meet their exercise, training, and care needs, the Maltese will reward you with years of loyal companionship.

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