Potty training a small dog can feel like a marathon, but with the right routine and a lot of patience, you will get there. Small breeds have tiny bladders and fast metabolisms, which means they need more frequent bathroom breaks than larger dogs. The key is consistency, supervision, and positive reinforcement. This guide walks you through a practical, step-by-step plan that works for puppies and adult small dogs alike.
Understand Your Small Dog’s Bladder Schedule
A general rule is that a puppy can hold their bladder for about one hour for every month of age, plus one. So a 2-month-old puppy needs a break every 2 to 3 hours. Adult small dogs may need to go out every 4 to 6 hours, but that varies. Never expect your small dog to “hold it” as long as a larger breed. Set a timer if you need to. If you are crate training, make sure the crate is just big enough for them to stand, turn around, and lie down. A too-large crate invites accidents because they can potty in one corner and sleep in another.
Set a Routine and Stick to It
Dogs thrive on predictability. Take your small dog out first thing in the morning, after every meal, after naps, after play sessions, and right before bed. Use a specific phrase like “go potty” every time you take them to their designated spot. Choose a spot outside that is consistent. The smell of previous eliminations will cue them to go. Reward with a high-value treat and calm praise the instant they finish. Do not wait until you are back inside. The reward must happen within seconds for them to make the connection.
Small dogs often have a harder time potty training because they are easier to miss when they signal. A big dog pacing at the door is hard to ignore, but a tiny dog squatting behind a chair leg is easy to overlook. Watch your dog like a hawk during the first few weeks.
Use Crate Training as a Tool, Not a Punishment
Crate training is one of the most effective methods for potty training small dogs. Dogs are naturally den animals and avoid soiling where they sleep. When you cannot supervise your dog, place them in their crate with a safe toy or a chew. Make sure the crate is comfortable and inviting. A soft bed or a cooling mat can make the crate a cozy retreat, especially in warmer months. Never use the crate as a punishment. The goal is for your dog to see it as a safe space. If they have an accident in the crate, you may have left them too long or the crate is too big.
Manage Accidents the Right Way
Accidents will happen. When they do, do not scold or rub your dog’s nose in it. That only creates fear and confusion, which can lead to hiding potty spots. Clean accidents thoroughly with an enzymatic cleaner to remove all odor. If your dog can still smell it, they will treat that spot as a bathroom. If you catch them in the act, make a sharp noise to interrupt them, then immediately take them outside. If they finish outside, reward. If you find a mess after the fact, just clean it up. Your dog will not connect your anger to something that happened earlier.
Consider Potty Pads and Indoor Options
For apartment dwellers or people who work long hours, potty pads or a grass patch can be a practical backup. If you use pads, place them in a consistent spot away from their bed and food. Gradually move the pad closer to the door over time if you want to transition to outdoor pottying. Some small dogs are perfectly happy using indoor pads forever, and that is okay. Just be consistent. If you use pads, do not also expect your dog to hold it for long periods. They need the same frequent breaks.
“A consistent routine is more powerful than any training gadget. Your small dog learns through repetition, not punishment.”
Stay Positive and Adjust Your Expectations
Small dogs can be stubborn, but they are also eager to please. If you are feeling frustrated, take a deep breath. Potty training usually takes several weeks to a few months. Some small breeds, like Chihuahuas or Yorkies, are known for being a bit harder to housebreak. That does not mean it is impossible. It just means you need to be extra vigilant. If you are struggling, consider using a bell on the door or a special signal. And remember, your dog is not doing this to spite you. They just need more guidance.
If your small dog is also a high-energy breed like an Australian Shepherd, mental stimulation can help them settle and focus on training. Puzzle toys for Australian Shepherds are great for burning mental energy, which can reduce anxiety and help with potty training success. For breeds that eat quickly, using slow feed dog bowls for Australian Shepherds can prevent gulping and help regulate digestion, making potty breaks more predictable.
Finally, if your small dog is a puppy, be prepared for nighttime potty breaks. Set an alarm for the middle of the night for the first few weeks. As they grow, they will be able to hold it longer. Celebrate every success, no matter how small. Your patience and consistency will pay off, and soon you will have a fully potty-trained companion who knows exactly where to go.
