Watch for changes in appetite, posture, facial expression and behaviour: a tense muzzle, tucked-up belly, reluctance to move, and being off in attitude. Any sudden change deserves a closer look and, if in doubt, a call to the vet.
Read the face
A horse in pain often shows a tight muzzle, flattened or half-closed eyes, tension above the eye, and stiff, backward ears. Researchers use these facial signs, known as the horse grimace scale, to assess discomfort, and owners can learn to spot them too.
Watch posture and movement
Pointing a foot, shifting weight, a tucked-up belly, a hunched or dipped back, or reluctance to move can all signal pain. Stiffness, a shortened stride or unevenness under saddle are common signs of discomfort somewhere in the body.
Notice behaviour changes
Going off feed, standing away from the herd, being grumpy when groomed or girthed, box-walking, or a normally willing horse becoming resistant are all red flags. Sudden changes matter most, since they show something is different for that individual.
Check the basics
Compare vital signs to normal, look for heat, swelling or a raised digital pulse in the feet, and note droppings and appetite. Keeping a stocked first aid kit and knowing your horse’s baseline makes it far easier to judge how serious a change is.
When to call the vet
Persistent or worsening signs, obvious lameness, colic behaviour, or a horse that is dull and off feed all warrant veterinary advice. It is always better to ask early than to wait and hope, as many equine problems worsen quickly.
