Caring for Your Havanese: Common Health Issues I See in Practice
As both a veterinarian and a proud Havanese owner, I’ve come to know this breed’s unique health predispositions inside and out. Havanese are generally a long-lived, hearty breed, but they are prone to a few specific conditions. In this article, I’ll share the most common issues I diagnose how to spot early signs, and what you can do at home. Always remember: if you notice anything concerning, consult your vet promptly.
Luxating Patella: The Wobbly Knee
One of the top reasons Havanese owners bring their dogs to see me is a strange skipping or hopping gait. This is often due to a luxating patella – a condition where the kneecap pops out of its normal groove. I’ve seen it in dogs as young as six months. You might notice your dog suddenly lifting a hind leg while running, then putting it down again as if nothing happened.
What to Watch For: Intermittent lameness, a ‘skip’ in the step, or your dog shaking a leg. In mild cases (grade I), the kneecap pops out and back on its own. In more severe grades (II-IV), it may stay out, causing pain and arthritis.
Owner Tips: Keep your Havanese at a healthy weight – excess pounds put extra strain on the joints. Avoid high-impact jumping, like leaping off furniture. Provide ramps or stairs for beds and sofas. If you see persistent limping, see your vet for a physical exam and possible X-rays. Treatment ranges from weight management and anti-inflammatories to surgery for persistent cases. Most dogs do very well after surgery.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): A Silent Vision Loss
PRA is an inherited condition where the retina slowly degenerates, leading to blindness. I’ve diagnosed it in middle-aged Havanese (around 3-6 years old) who seem hesitant at night or bump into furniture in low light. Because it progresses gradually, owners often think their dog is just ‘clumsy.’
Early Signs: Night blindness first – your dog may avoid going into dark rooms or seem lost outdoors after sunset. As it advances, daytime vision also fades. There is no treatment to reverse PRA, but blind dogs adapt remarkably well.
What You Can Do: Responsible breeders screen for PRA using DNA tests (prcd-PRA). Ask your breeder for proof of testing. For affected dogs, keep furniture in the same place, use textured mats near stairs, and avoid rearranging your home. Talk to your vet about supplements like antioxidants (but know they won’t halt progression). I always advise owners to start training verbal cues early – ‘step up,’ ‘watch out’ – to build confidence.
Dental Disease: More Than Bad Breath
Havanese have small mouths, and their teeth can become crowded, trapping food and bacteria. By age two, many have tartar buildup. I see periodontal disease in nearly every adult Havanese that hasn’t had regular dental care. This isn’t just about smelly breath – bacteria from the mouth can infect the heart, kidneys, and liver.
Signs: Yellow-brown tartar, red or bleeding gums, drooling, dropping food, or pawing at the mouth. Some dogs don’t show overt pain, so regular vet check-ups are vital.
Home Care: Brush your Havanese’s teeth daily using a pet-safe toothpaste. Start slowly with a finger brush. Dental chews and water additives help, but they don’t replace brushing. Schedule professional dental cleanings under anesthesia as recommended by your vet (usually every 1-2 years). It’s a safe procedure when done correctly.
Other Conditions to Know
Allergies: Havanese often develop skin allergies, either from food or environmental triggers like pollen. You’ll see itching, red paws, ear infections, or hair loss. If your dog is scratching more than usual, don’t just assume it’s dry skin – your vet can help diagnose the cause. Avoid over-bathing, which strips oils, and use a vet-recommended diet for food trials.
Heart Disease: Mitral valve disease (MVD) is seen in older Havanese. I listen for a heart murmur during annual exams. Early signs include coughing (especially at night), reduced stamina, and rapid breathing. Catching it early with echocardiograms allows management with medications that improve quality of life.
Liver Shunts: While less common, portosystemic shunts can occur. Puppies may show poor growth, vomiting, or strange behavior after eating (like head pressing or circling). This is a surgical condition – do not try home treatments.
Our Shared Responsibility
Knowing these health issues isn’t meant to scare you – it’s about empowerment. As an owner, you can take proactive steps. Choose a reputable breeder who screens for PRA, patellas, and heart conditions. Keep vet appointments, maintain a healthy weight, and speak up if something seems off. Your Havanese will reward you with years of joyful companionship.
Remember, I write this as a fellow pet parent. Each dog is an individual, and most Havanese live long, healthy lives. Stay observant, stay informed, and never hesitate to ask your vet questions – we’re here to help you and your furry friend thrive.
Key Takeaway
Regular veterinary check-ups, weight management, and daily dental care are the most important steps to mitigate common Havanese health issues.