Shih Tzus thrive on a balanced diet tailored to their small size, flat face, and predisposition to certain health issues. A high-quality dry kibble formulated for small breeds is typically the foundation, with wet food or fresh ingredients as supplements. Our editorial team emphasizes that portion control is critical to prevent obesity, a common problem in this breed.
Because Shih Tzus have sensitive stomachs and are prone to dental problems, their food should be easy to chew and digest. Avoid fillers like corn and wheat, and choose recipes with real meat as the first ingredient. Always transition foods gradually to avoid digestive upset.
Choosing the Right Kibble for Your Shih Tzu
Shih Tzus do best with a small breed kibble that has smaller pieces to match their tiny jaws and crowded teeth. Look for a formula with moderate protein levels (around 20 to 30 percent) and limited ingredients to reduce allergy risks. Avoid foods with artificial colors, flavors, or preservatives.
Many Shih Tzus have food sensitivities, so novel proteins like lamb, duck, or salmon can be helpful. Grain-free options are popular but not necessary unless your dog has a confirmed allergy. Always check with your veterinarian before making major diet changes.
Wet Food and Fresh Additions
Wet food can be mixed with kibble to increase moisture and palatability, which is especially helpful for picky Shih Tzus or those with dental issues. Canned food should be complete and balanced, not a topper only. Lean cooked meats like chicken or turkey, and plain vegetables like green beans or carrots, can be added in small amounts.
Avoid onions, garlic, grapes, raisins, chocolate, and xylitol. Dairy can cause upset stomachs in many Shih Tzus due to lactose intolerance. Fresh food should not exceed 10 percent of the daily calorie intake to maintain nutritional balance.
Feeding Schedule and Portion Control
Adult Shih Tzus typically eat two meals per day, while puppies need three to four smaller meals. Portion sizes depend on the food’s calorie density, your dog’s age, weight, and activity level. A general guideline is about 1/3 to 1/2 cup of dry food per meal for a 10 to 15 pound adult.
Obesity is a serious concern for Shih Tzus, leading to joint stress, breathing issues, and diabetes. Use a measuring cup and limit treats to 10 percent of daily calories. Regular weigh-ins help adjust portions as needed.
Foods to Avoid and Allergen Awareness
Shih Tzus are prone to food allergies and intolerances. Common triggers include beef, chicken, dairy, wheat, soy, and eggs. Symptoms include itchy skin, ear infections, vomiting, or diarrhea. If you notice these, try a limited ingredient diet or a novel protein source.
Never feed your Shih Tzu foods like raw eggs (biotin deficiency risk), cooked bones (splintering danger), fatty trimmings (pancreatitis), or sugary treats (weight gain and dental decay). Stick to dog-specific chews and treats designed for small breeds.
Special Dietary Needs for Puppies and Seniors
Shih Tzu puppies need a growth formula with higher protein and fat to support their development, but controlled calcium levels to prevent skeletal issues. Feed a small breed puppy food until about 12 months of age. Senior Shih Tzus (over 7 years) benefit from lower calorie, joint-supporting formulas with glucosamine and chondroitin.
Seniors may need softer food if dental problems arise. Weight management becomes even more critical as metabolism slows. Regular veterinary checkups help tailor the diet to your dog’s changing needs.